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DATA SHEET
BIPOLAR ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
PC494
SWITCHING REGULATOR CONTROL CIRCUIT
DESCRIPTION
The PC494 is an inverter control unit which provides all the control circuitry for PWM type switching regulators. Included in this device is the voltage reference, dual error amplifiers, oscillator, pulse width modulator, pulse steering flip flop, dual alternating output switches and dead-time control.
FEATURES
* Complete PWM power control circuit. * Adjustable dead-time (0 to 100%). * No double pulsing of same output during load transient condition. * Dual error amplifiers have wide common mode input voltage capability (-0.3 V to VCC-2 V). * Circuit architecture provides easy synchronization. * Uncommitted outputs for 250-mA sink or source. * With miss-operation prevention circuit for low level supply voltage. * Full pin-compatible TL494C. 5 ORDERING INFORMATION Part Number Package 16-pin plastic DIP (7.62 mm (300)) 16-pin plastic SOP (9.53 mm (375)) 16-pin plastic SOP (7.62 mm (300)) 5
PIN CONFIGURATION (Top View)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 Non-Inv. Input Inv. Input Ref Out Output Control VCC C2 E2 E1
Non-Inv. Input Inv. Input Feed-Back Dead-Time Control CT RT GND C1
PC494C PC494G PC494GS
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Before using this document, please confirm that this is the latest version.
Not all devices/types available in every country. Please check with local NEC representative for availability and additional information.
Document No. G12649EJ4V0DS00 (4th edition) (Previous No. IC-1299) Date Published November 2000 NS CP(K) Printed in Japan
The mark 5 shows major revised points.
(c)
1988,2000
PC494
BLOCK DIAGRAM
VCC 12 Ref Out 14 GND 7 RT 6 CT 5 Dead-Time Control 4 Non-Inv. Input Inv. Input Non-Inv. Input Inv. Input 1 2 16 15
+ - + + - + -
13 Output Control
Reference Low Voltage Regulator Stop
F T/ F
Oscillator Dead-Time Comparator
8 9 11 10
C1 E1 C2 E2
EA I EA II
-
PWM Comparator
Feed-Back 3
2
Data Sheet G12649EJ4V0DS00
PC494
5 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (TA = 25C, unless otherwise noted)
Characteristics Supply Voltage Error Amplifier Input Voltage Output Voltage Output Current Total Power Dissipation Operating Ambient Temperature Storage Temperature Symbol VCC VICM VCER IC PT TA Tstg
PC494C
-0.3 to +41
PC494G
-0.3 to +41
PC494GS
-0.3 to +41
Unit V V V mA mW C C
-0.3 to VCC + 0.3 -0.3 to VCC + 0.3 -0.3 to VCC + 0.3 -0.3 to +41 250 1000 -20 to +85 -65 to +150 -0.3 to +41 250 780
Note
-0.3 to +41 250 650
Note
-20 to +85 -65 to +150
-20 to +85 -65 to +150
2 Note With 25 cm x 1.6 mm glass-epoxy substrate.
5 Caution Product quality may suffer if the absolute maximum rating is exceeded even momentarily for any parameter. That is, the absolute maximum ratings are rated values at which the product is on the verge of suffering physical damage, and therefore the product must be used under conditions that ensure that the absolute maximum ratings are not exceeded.
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
Characteristics Supply Voltage Output Voltage Output Current Error Amplifier Sink Current Timing Capacitor Timing Resistance Oscillation Frequency Operating Temperature Symbol VCC VCER IC IOAMP CT RT fOSC Topt 0.47 1.8 1 -20 MIN. 7 -0.3 TYP. MAX. 40 40 200 -0.3 10000 500 300 +70 Unit V V mA mA nF k kHz C
5 Caution The recommended operating range may be exceeded without causing any problems provided that the absolute maximum ratings are not exceeded. However, if the device is operated in a way that exceeds the recommended operating conditions, the margin between the actual conditions of use and the absolute maximum ratings is small, and therefore thorough evaluation is necessary. The recommended operating conditions do not imply that the device can be used with all values at their maximum values.
Data Sheet G12649EJ4V0DS00
3
PC494
5 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (VCC = 15 V, f = 10 kHz, -20 "#TA "#.:3C, unless otherwise noted) (1/2)
Block Reference Section Characteristics Output Voltage Line Regulation Load Regulation Temperature Coefficient Short Circuit Output Current Note1 Oscillator Section Frequency Standard Deviation of Frequency Note2 Frequency Change with Temperature Symbol VREF REGIN REGL VREF /T ISHORT fOSC Conditions IREF = 1 mA, TA = 25C 7 V " VCC "#40 V, IREF = 1 mA, TA = 25C 1 mA " IREF "#10 mA, TA = 25C -20C " TA "#+85C, IREF = 1 mA VREF = 0 V CT = 0.01 F, RT = 12 k, TA = 25C 7 V " VCC "#40 V, TA = 25C, CT, RT, const. 0C " TA "#70C, CT = 0.01 F, RT = 12 k 7 V " VCC "#40 V, TA = 25C, CT = 0.01 F, RT = 12 k 0 V " VI "#5.25 V VI = 0 V VTH1 VTH2 VIO IIO Output pulse 0% duty cycle Output pulse maximum duty cycle VOAMP = 2.5 V VOAMP = 2.5 V VOAMP = 2.5 V Low High AV VOAMP = 0.5 to 3.5 V, TA = 25C TA = 25C CMR VCC =#40 V, TA = 25C VOAMP = 0.7 V VOAMP = 3.5 V Output pulse 0% duty cycle, see Figure 1. V(pin 3) =#0.7 V 0.3 VICM 7 V " VCC "#40 V -0.3 VCC-2 60 500 65 0.3 -2 80 830 80 0.7 -10 4 0.7 4.5 dB kHz dB mA mA V mA 0 2 25 0.2 10 250 1 45 1 % MIN. 4.75 TYP. 5 8 1 0.01 50 10 10 1 2 MAX. 5.25 25 15 0.03 Unit V mV mV %/C mA kHz % %
Frequency Change with Voltage
DeadTime Control Section
Input Bias Current Maximum Duty Cycle (Each Output) Input Threshold Voltage 1 Input Threshold Voltage 2
-2 49 3
-10
A
%
3.3
V V mV nA
Error Amplifier Section
Input Offset Voltage Input Offset Current Input Bias Current Common Mode Input Voltage
A
V
Open Loop Voltage Amplification Unity Gain Bandwidth Common Mode Rejection Radio Output Sink Current Output Source Current PWM Section Input Threshold Voltage (3-pin) Input Sink Current
Remark The TYP. values are values at TA = 25C, except for the characteristics of temperature.
4
Data Sheet G12649EJ4V0DS00
PC494
(2/2)
Block Output Section Emitter Cut-off Current Characteristics Collector Cut-off Current Symbol ICER Conditions VCE =#40 V, VCC =#40 V, Common Emitter VCC =#VC =#40 V, VE = 0 V, Emitter Follower Collector Saturation Voltage Common Emitter Emitter Follower Output Voltage Rise Time Output Voltage Fall Time Output Voltage Rise Time Output Voltage Fall Time Total Device Bias Current ICC(BI) Standby Current ICC(S.B) VCC =#15 V, all other pins open. V(pin 4) =#2 V, see Figure 1. 10 mA 8 12.5 mA Emitter Follower tf2 tr2 VC =#15 V, RL = 150 , IE 100 mA, TA = 25C, see Figure 1. 70 200 ns 100 200 ns Common Emitter tf1 tr1 VCC =#15 V, RL = 150 , IC 100 mA, TA = 25C, see Figure 1. 70 200 ns 100 200 ns VCE(ON) IE = -200 mA, VC = 15 V 1.6 2.5 V VCE(sat) IC = 200 mA, VE = 0 V 0.95 1.3 V -100 MIN. TYP. MAX. 100 Unit
A
A
Remark The TYP. values are values at TA = 25C, except for the characteristics of temperature.
Notes 1. The short circuit output current flows for no more than 1 second. Repeat operation is possible if the internal heat accumulation is not within a harmful range. 2. Standard deviation is a measure of the statistical distribution about the mean as derived from the formula ; N 2 (Xn - X) n=1 N-1
=
Calculation expression of frequency fOSC is as follows ; fOSC 1 0.817 RT*CT + 1.42*10-
6
(Hz)
[RT] = , [CT] = F
Data Sheet G12649EJ4V0DS00
5
PC494
Figure1. Test Circuit
VCC = 15 V RL (12) 150 VCC (4) Dead-Time (8) 2 W C1 (9) Test Input (3) Control E1 Feed-Back (11) (6) 12 k C2 (10) RT 0.01F Note (5) E2 CT (1) Non-Inv. Input (2) Inv. Input (16) (15) Non-Inv. Input Inv. Input (13) (14) Output Control Ref Out GND 50 k (7) RL 150 2W
Output 1 Output 2
Note Recommend film capacitor. 5 Caution When the emitter follower is output, connect C1 and C2 to VCC and E1 and E2 to GND via RL. Figure2. Voltage Waveform
VCC C1 Output Voltage 0V VCC C2 Output Voltage 0V CT Voltage Threshold Voltage
Dead-Time Control Input
0% MAX. Threshold Voltage 0% Feed-Back Input (E.A. Output) 0.7 V
Connection of Output Control Pin (Pin No.13)
Output Control Input (Pin No.13) At Ref Out Grounded Operation Mode Normal push-pull operation Single-ended or parallel output
6
Data Sheet G12649EJ4V0DS00
PC494
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
5
(Unless otherwise specified, TA = 25C, VCC = 15 V, Reference)
MISS-OPERATION PREVENTION CIRCUIT CHARACTERISTICS 6
VCE - Output Voltage - V
Test Circuit 5V 430
8 9
MAXIMUM POWER DISSIPATION
PT - Maximum Power Dissipation - W
1.2 1.0 PC494C
* : With 25 cm2 X 1.6 mm glass-epoxy substrate Thermal Resistance Rth(J-A)125C/W
5 4 3 2 1 0 4 5 6
5
0.8 PC494G* PC494GS* 1 192 60C 0.6 C/ /W W 0.4 0.2 0 25 50
VCE
5
75
100
125
7
TA - Ambient Temperature - C REFERENCE VOLTAGE vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE 6
VREF - Reference Voltage - V
VCC - Supply Voltage - V REFERENCE VOLTAGE vs. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE 40 VCC = 15 V IREF = 1 mA 20 0 -20 -40 -60 -25
5 4 3 2 1 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 VCC - Supply Voltage - V 40
VREF - Reference Voltage Change - mV
0 25 50 75 TA - Ambient Temperature - C FREQUENCY vs. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
100
FREQUENCY vs. RT AND CT 4 500
fOSC - Frequency - kHz
f/fOSC - Frequency Change - %
VCC = 15 V
2 0 -2 -4 -6 -25 0 25 50
200 100 50 20 10 5 2 1 2
0. 0. 04 7 01
VCC = 15 V RT = 12 k CT = 0.01 F
CT 10
F
= 47 00 0 p pF F
F
5 10 20
50 100 200 500
75
100
RT - Timing Resistance - k
TA - Ambient Temperature - C
Data Sheet G12649EJ4V0DS00
7
PC494
DUTY CYCLE vs. DEAD-TIME CONTROL INPUT VOLTAGE OPEN-LOOP VOLTAGE GAIN vs. FREQUENCY
Duty Cycle - %
10 20 30 40 50 0
-2 0 C
25 C 85 C
0
AV - Open-Loop Voltage Gain - dB
120 100 80 60 40 20 0 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k 1 M 10 M f - Frequency - Hz
STANDBY AND BIAS CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
TA
=
VCC = 15 V RT = 12 k CT = 0.01 F 1 2 3 Dead-Time Control Input Voltage - V
VCE (sat) - Collector Saturation Voltage (Common Emitter) - V VCE (ON) - Collector Saturation Voltage (Emitter Follower) - V
COLLECTOR SATURATION VOLTAGE vs. OUTPUT CURRENT
2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0 40 80 120 160 IC, IE - Output Current - mA 200
VCE (sat)
12
ICC (S.B) - Standby Current - mA ICC (BI) - Bias Current - mA
ICC (BI)
10
VCE (ON)
ICC (S.B)
8 6 4 2 0
ICC (S.B) VCC Terminal Biased. Other Terminal Open. ICC (BI) VDT = 2 V (Pin No.4)
10 20 30 VCC - Supply Voltage - V
40
8
Data Sheet G12649EJ4V0DS00
PC494
BASIC APPLICATION CIRCUIT
VOUT Switching regulator output pin JP2
rsense
GND
VR3 100 R14 R13 7.5 k 5 k JP1 C1 C6 47 F
+
VCC R12 R11 110 110 C2 E2 E1
12 V
-Iosense
R15 +Iosense 0.01 F 100 C2 Vosense
+ -
ERROR AMP 2
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
C1 R9 110 R10 110
R17 3.9 k R1 R3 5.1 k C7 R16 100 k
REFERENCE REGULATOR
F/F
VR1 2 k
+ 1
ERROR AMP 1
- 0.1 V 2 3 4
OSCILLATOR
5
6
7
8
R2
R4 5.1 k
5.1 k
240 k R5
2 k VR2
C5 R8 24 k
C4 C3 R6 R7 7.5 k + 0.01 F 24 k 10 F +5 V (VREF)
5 Remark fOSC 40 kHz, C5 = 1000 pF (Recommend film capacitor)
Data Sheet G12649EJ4V0DS00
9
PC494
CONNECTION DIAGRAM
Output Control Input Operation Mode (Pin No.13) Push-pull operation At Ref-out (JP1 Wired) Emitter follower (R11, R12 0) Open collector (R9, R10 0)
C1 C2
Output Mode
Output Voltage Waveform
E1 E2
Single-ended or parallel output
Grounded (JP2 Wired)
Open collector (R9, R10 0) Emitter follower (R11, R12 0)
C1, C2 E1, E2
Printed Pattern (Example of PC494C) (Pattern side, Actual size)
VR3
R11
R12
VCC
R10
R9
JP1
R13
R14
R15
C2 E2 E1 C1 GND
-Iosense
JP2
+Iosense Vosense GND
R16
R17
C6 VR2 C5 R8
9 8
IC1
16 1
VR1 C1
C7
C3 R3 R6 R5 R2 R4 C2
C4
R7
R1
10
Data Sheet G12649EJ4V0DS00
PC494
TYPICAL EXAMPLE OF APPLICATION CIRCUITS 1) Forward Type
+VCC + +12 V (12) VCC (8) C1 (13) Output Control E1 (14) Ref Out GND To EA I To EA II (Over Current (Vosense) Protection ) - + VOUT
(9) (7) GND
2) Push-pull Type
(Isolated) +VCC + + GND - VOUT
+12 V (12) (11) C2 VCC (10) E2 (9) E1 (8) C1 Output (7) (13) GND Control (14) Ref Out To EA II To EA I
(Non Isolated) +VCC (40 V MAX.) (12) (11) VCC C2 (10) E2 (13) Output (9) E1 Control (14) (8) Ref Out C1 GND (7) GND + -
+ VOUT
To EA II
To EA I
Data Sheet G12649EJ4V0DS00
11
PC494
3) Step-down Chopper
+VCC (40 V MAX.) (12) (11) VCC C2 E2 (10) (9) + VOUT - +
E1 (8) (13) Output Control C1 GND (7)
To EA I To EA II (Over Current Protection)
Remark The dotted line indicates the connection in case of large current.
SYNCRONIZED OPERATION
If synchronized operation is needed, muster-slave circuit can be used. This circuit is shown below. Initially, RT terminal of slave IC is connected to pin 14(Ref Out) and internal oscillator is stopped.
+VCC (12) (14) (6) (5) RT CT
VCC Ref Out (M) RT
(7)
GND CT
(12)
VCC Ref Out (S) RT
(14) (6) (5) (M) : Master (S) : Slave
(7)
GND CT
12
Data Sheet G12649EJ4V0DS00
PC494
5 PACKAGE DRAWINGS (Unit : mm)
16-PIN PLASTIC DIP (7.62mm(300))
16 9
1 A
8
J I P
K L
F H G D N
M
C
B M R
NOTES 1. Each lead centerline is located within 0.25 mm of its true position (T.P.) at maximum material condition. 2. Item "K" to center of leads when formed parallel.
ITEM A B C D F G H I J K L M N P R
MILLIMETERS 20.32 MAX. 1.27 MAX. 2.54 (T.P.) 0.500.10 1.1 MIN. 3.50.3 0.51 MIN. 4.31 MAX. 5.08 MAX. 7.62 (T.P.) 6.5 0.25 +0.10 -0.05 0.25 1.1 MIN. 015 P16C-100-300B-2
Data Sheet G12649EJ4V0DS00
13
PC494
16-PIN PLASTIC SOP (9.53 mm (375))
16 9
detail of lead end
P
1 A
8
F G
H I J
S B C D E
NOTE Each lead centerline is located within 0.12 mm of its true position (T.P.) at maximum material condition.
ITEM A B C D E F G H I J K L M N P MILLIMETERS 10.00.2 0.78 MAX. 1.27 (T.P.) 0.42 +0.08 -0.07 0.1250.075 2.77 MAX. 2.470.1 10.30.3 7.2 1.6 0.17 +0.08 -0.07 0.80.2 0.12 0.15 3 +7 -3 P16GM-50-375B-6
L K N S
M
M
14
Data Sheet G12649EJ4V0DS00
PC494
16-PIN PLASTIC SOP (7.62 mm (300))
16 9 detail of lead end
P
1 A
8
F G S B N C D E M
M
H I J
L K
S
NOTE Each lead centerline is located within 0.12 mm of its true position (T.P.) at maximum material condition.
ITEM A B C D E F G H I J K L M N P
MILLIMETERS 10.20.2 0.78 MAX. 1.27 (T.P.) 0.42 +0.08 -0.07 0.10.1 1.650.15 1.55 7.70.3 5.60.2 1.10.2 0.22 +0.08 -0.07 0.60.2 0.12 0.10 3 +7 -3 P16GM-50-300B-6
Data Sheet G12649EJ4V0DS00
15
PC494
5 RECOMMENDED SOLDERING CONDITIONS When soldering this product, it is highly recommended to observe the conditions as shown below. If other soldering processes are used, or if the soldering is performed under different conditions, please make sure to consult with our sales offices. For more details, refer to our document "SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE MOUNTING TECHNOLOGY MANUAL"(C10535E). Type of Through-hole Device
PC494C: 16-pin plastic DIP (7.62 mm (300))
Process Wave Soldering (only to leads) Partial Heating Method Solder temperature: 260C or below, Flow time: 10 seconds or less. Pin temperature: 300C or below, Heat time: 3 seconds or less (per each lead). Conditions
Caution For through-hole device, the wave soldering process must be applied only to leads, and make sure that the package body does not get jet soldered. Type of Surface Mount Device
PC494G: 16-pin plastic SOP (9.53 mm (375)) PC494GS: 16-pin plastic SOP (7.62 mm (300))
Process Infrared Ray Reflow Conditions Peak temperature: 230C or below (Package surface temperature), Reflow time: 30 seconds or less (at 210C or higher), Maximum number of reflow processes: 1 time. Vapor Phase Soldering Peak temperature: 215C or below (Package surface temperature), Reflow time: 40 seconds or less (at 200C or higher), Maximum number of reflow processes: 1 time. Wave Soldering Solder temperature: 260C or below, Flow time: 10 seconds or less, Maximum number of flow processes: 1 time, Pre-heating temperature: 120C or below (Package surface temperature). Partial Heating Method Pin temperature: 300C or below, Heat time: 3 seconds or less (Per each side of the device). - WS60-00-1 VP15-00-1 Symbol IR30-00-1
Caution Apply only one kind of soldering condition to a device, except for "partial heating method", or the device will be damaged by heat stress.
16
Data Sheet G12649EJ4V0DS00
PC494
[MEMO]
Data Sheet G12649EJ4V0DS00
17
PC494
[MEMO]
18
Data Sheet G12649EJ4V0DS00
PC494
[MEMO]
Data Sheet G12649EJ4V0DS00
19
PC494
* The information in this document is current as of November, 2000. The information is subject to change without notice. For actual design-in, refer to the latest publications of NEC's data sheets or data books, etc., for the most up-to-date specifications of NEC semiconductor products. Not all products and/or types are available in every country. Please check with an NEC sales representative for availability and additional information. * No part of this document may be copied or reproduced in any form or by any means without prior written consent of NEC. NEC assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document. * NEC does not assume any liability for infringement of patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights of third parties by or arising from the use of NEC semiconductor products listed in this document or any other liability arising from the use of such products. No license, express, implied or otherwise, is granted under any patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights of NEC or others. * Descriptions of circuits, software and other related information in this document are provided for illustrative purposes in semiconductor product operation and application examples. The incorporation of these circuits, software and information in the design of customer's equipment shall be done under the full responsibility of customer. NEC assumes no responsibility for any losses incurred by customers or third parties arising from the use of these circuits, software and information. * While NEC endeavours to enhance the quality, reliability and safety of NEC semiconductor products, customers agree and acknowledge that the possibility of defects thereof cannot be eliminated entirely. To minimize risks of damage to property or injury (including death) to persons arising from defects in NEC semiconductor products, customers must incorporate sufficient safety measures in their design, such as redundancy, fire-containment, and anti-failure features. * NEC semiconductor products are classified into the following three quality grades: "Standard", "Special" and "Specific". The "Specific" quality grade applies only to semiconductor products developed based on a customer-designated "quality assurance program" for a specific application. The recommended applications of a semiconductor product depend on its quality grade, as indicated below. Customers must check the quality grade of each semiconductor product before using it in a particular application. "Standard": Computers, office equipment, communications equipment, test and measurement equipment, audio and visual equipment, home electronic appliances, machine tools, personal electronic equipment and industrial robots "Special": Transportation equipment (automobiles, trains, ships, etc.), traffic control systems, anti-disaster systems, anti-crime systems, safety equipment and medical equipment (not specifically designed for life support) "Specific": Aircraft, aerospace equipment, submersible repeaters, nuclear reactor control systems, life support systems and medical equipment for life support, etc. The quality grade of NEC semiconductor products is "Standard" unless otherwise expressly specified in NEC's data sheets or data books, etc. If customers wish to use NEC semiconductor products in applications not intended by NEC, they must contact an NEC sales representative in advance to determine NEC's willingness to support a given application. (Note) (1) "NEC" as used in this statement means NEC Corporation and also includes its majority-owned subsidiaries. (2) "NEC semiconductor products" means any semiconductor product developed or manufactured by or for NEC (as defined above).
M8E 00. 4

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